A Tibetan fire gilt copper repousse Cittimandala, circa 17th-18th century the mandala finely depicting various deities seated on their lotus thrones within ten foliate scrolls terminating to a lotus blossom at the base. The upper register depicts multiple images of the deity Vajravidarana holding a heart-high visvavajra and bell-symbolising the destructive or cleansing power of the vajra. The vajravidarana cleansing ceremony is a powerful spiritual aid to expunge or tear asunder to release the mental and physical poisons lying at the root of suffering. To the left below this deity is Jina Yuddhajaya- one of the 35 Buddhas of confession who embodies victory over the battles of the spirit, holding a coat of mail. A line of Tibetan script to the centre of the panel. 33.6 cm high, 25.8 cm wide. Provenance: Arnold Liberman gallery of New York. An important private collection, Sorell, Tasmania.