A gilt-bronze and cloisonne enamel 'lotus' censer, Qianlong incised six-character mark reign mark in a vertical line, above a single character, guo, box, 9.8 cm high. Provenance: Tony Omura, 'See an Old Friend' Gallery, Hong Kong. Private collection, Sydney Cloisonne in the form of earlier bronze prototypes were used profusely during the Qianlong period (1735-1796) as trios of incense burner, container, and related tool caddy, known as luping sanshi in Beijing. Besides the typical reign marks, they often carry an extra character from the Thousand Character Classic, an ancient indexing system Chinese used since as early as the Tang dynasty (618-907). It contains exactly 1000 and non-repeated characters, hence was found to be versatile and efficient in indexing libraries and collections, including the Imperial Collection.